Analysis of water flow through a nozzle taking into account heat transfer using CFD numerical modeling

Abstract

This article presents the results of numerical flow simulations, taking into account heat transfer in water nozzle components. Analyses were conducted using computer simulations, including the finite volume method in Siemens FLOEFD for NX. A free surface function was used to ensure free water flow through the nozzle outlet. Flow simulations were performed for four calculation cases. Identical air parameters outside the nozzle were assumed for all calculation cases. The first two calculation cases, for pressures of 15 bar and 40 bar, respectively, considered the swirler and atomizer material as MO58, while the next two, also for pressures of 15 bar and 40 bar, considered the nozzle components as Al₂O₃ – 98%. The volumetric flow rate of water through the nozzle was determined to be 3.7 l/min for pressures of 15 bar and 6 l/min for pressures of 40 bar. For each flow simulation, maps of the temperature, pressure, and velocity distribution of the water and air flowing through the nozzle were presented. Additionally, for each simulation, the temperature distribution on the outer surface of the nozzle, within the outlet opening and in the YZ cross-section was presented.